![]() ( 9) found 14 days of supplementing with proanthocyanidin-rich grape seed extract increased Bifidobacterium bacterial counts, findings corroborated by Vendrame ( 10) after 6 weeks of powdered wild blueberry supplementation. These authors also found red wine ingestion increased Bacteroides counts. Similar findings have been found with red wine consumption for 4 weeks, with increases in bifidobacterial counts driving a decrease in C-reactive protein ( 8). For example, 4 weeks of supplementing with a high-cocoa flavanol supplement increased bifidobacterial and lactobacilli population, while also decreasing C-reactive protein levels, which was primarily driven by the increased lactobacilli counts ( 7). A variety of polyphenol containing substances have been investigated for their role in modulating the microbiota, including cocoa, red wine, powdered blueberries, grape seed extract, and tart cherries, with mixed findings. While the gut microbiota of adults is typically constant, changes have been observed from dietary interventions ( 6), including with polyphenol supplementation. The microbiota are known to metabolize many polyphenols, altering their bioavailability ( 4), providing energy and metabolites to surrounding enterocytes, and decreasing systemic inflammation ( 5). Polyphenols are often found in fruits, spices and herbs, vegetables, and drinks. Evidence suggests a diet high in polyphenols and or supplementation with polyphenol-containing supplements can improve risk of developing type 2 diabetes ( 2), which may be in part be due to the gut microbiota ( 3). Globally the incidence of type 2 diabetes is rising and is predicted to rise to nearly 700 million by 2,045 ( 1). ![]() ![]() These data suggest that 30 days of MTC supplementation does not modulate the gut microbiome, inflammation, or improve glycemic control in a healthy, diverse group of adults.Ĭlinical Trail Registration:, identifier: NCT04467372.Ī considerable amount of research has focused on the use of foods and supplements containing anthocyanins and polyphenols to reduce disease risk by mitigating inflammation and improving blood glucose regulation. There was no significant change in composition of bacterial phyla, families, or subfamilies for the duration of this study nor was there a change in species richness.
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